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This use case is covered by use case C.
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Complete workflow diagram
Security concerns
Guaranteeing the security of our users' data is a top priority. Inviting a person to join your team is effectively giving that person access to all the data contained in all the projects your team has access to. This means that inviting someone through email inherently carries some risk.
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- Inform our users of the risks in the email invitation widget.
- Require the user to type the recipient email address a second time for confirmation.
- Allow the user to invalidate pending invitations.
- Make all invitation links single-use. Also, make them expire after a certain period of time. This prevents a malicious person from using an invitation link they found in an email inbox they hacked.
- Require the consumer of the invitation link to prove that they are the owner of the email address to which Alice sent the email invitation, i.e. prove that they are Bob.
We can do this by sending a verification email to Bob's email address when the invitation link is used.
Proposal
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Models to implement
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or modify
New models | Existing models (modified) | ||||||
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EmailMembershipInvitation | EmailMembershipInvitationId | EmailMembershipInvitationsResponseMembershipInvtnSignedToken | EmailValidationSignedToken | InviteeVerificationSignedToken | AccountCreationTokenAccountSetupInfo | ||
membershipInvitationId NewUserexpiresOn emailAddresstimestamp teamIdhmaccreatedBy | timestamp | emailMembershipInvitationIdhmac | results - ARRAY<EmailMembershipInvitation>inviteeId | nextPageTokenmembershipInvitationId | emailexpiresOn timestamp hmac | emailValidationSignedToken encodedMembershipInvtnSignedToken (optional) |
Existing models (modified) | ||
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MembershipInvitation | AccountSetupInfo | NewUser |
createdOn message id createdBy expiresOn inviteeId emailMembershipInvitationIdteamId timestamp hmacinviteeEmail | firstName lastName
emailValidationSignedToken username password |
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encodedMembershipInvtnSignedToken (optional) |
Services to implement or modify
Existing or new | Description | Intended User | URI | Method | Request Parameters | Request Body | Response Body | |||||||||
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Existing | Create | an email a membership invitation. The team must be specified. | Send Either an inviteeId or an inviteeEmail must be specified. If an inviteeEmail is specified, send an email containing an invitation link to the invitee. The link will contain a serialized | EmailMembershipInvitationIdMembershipInvtnSignedToken. | team administrator | / | emailMembershipInvitationmembershipInvitation | POST | portalEndpoint | EmailMembershipInvitation | EmailMembershipInvitation | |||||
Retrieve a pending email membership invitation. The emailAddress field of the response body object will be null. | authenticated user | /emailMembershipInvitation/{id} | GET | -- | -- | EmailMembershipInvitation | ||||||||||
Retrieve all the pending email membership invitations from a Team. | team administrator | /team/{id}/emailMembershipInvitations | GET | nextPageToken | -- | EmailMembershipInvitationsResponse | ||||||||||
Delete a pending email membership invitation. | team administrator | /emailMembershipInvitationacceptInvitationEndpoint (optional) notificationUnsubscribeEndpoint (optional) | MembershipInvitation | MembershipInvitation | ||||||||||||
New | Retrieve a membership invitation. | signed token holder | /membershipInvitation/{id} | DELETEPOST | -- | MembershipInvtnSignedToken | -- | --MembershipInvitation | ||||||||
Existing | Start the process of creating a new account, | similarly to POST /account/emailValidation, but and optionally also the process of associating a membership invitation to the new account. Send a 'validation email' message to the provided email address. The email will contain a link to complete the registration process. The link will contain a serialized | EmailValidationSignedToken (used for new account registration) and a serialized EmailMembershipInvitationId (used to create membership invitation)AccountCreationToken. Intended to be used in conjunction with POST /account. | public | /emailMembershipInvitation/{id}/account/emailValidation | POST | portalEndpoint | NewUser | -- | |||||||
New | Verify whether the | authenticated user is the invitee inviteeEmail of the indicated | EmailMembershipInvitationMembershipInvitation is associated with the authenticated user. If | they areit is, the response body will contain an InviteeVerificationSignedToken. If | they are it is not, (in phase 1 the server just responds with a 403) the response body will be null and an identity verification email containing a link will be sent to the | address associated with inviteeEmail of the indicated | EmailMembershipInvitationMembershipInvitation. The link will contain a serialized InviteeVerificationSignedToken. This call will only succeed if the indicated MembershipInvitation has a null inviteeId and a non null inviteeEmail. | authenticated user | / | emailMembershipInvitationmembershipInvitation/{id}/ | verificationinviteeVerificationSignedToken | POSTGET | portalEndpoint | --InviteeVerificationSignedToken | InviteeVerificationSignedToken | Create a MembershipInvitation. The invitation is created from the team associated with the given email membership invitation to the currently authenticated user|
New | Set the inviteeId of a MembershipInvitation. A valid InviteeVerificationSignedToken must have an inviteeId equal to the id of the authenticated user and | an emailInvitationId a membershipInvitationId equal to the id in the URI. | Doesn't send any email notificationsThis call will only succeed if the indicated MembershipInvitation has a null inviteeId and a non null inviteeEmail. | authenticated | usersigned token holder | / | emailMembershipInvitationmembershipInvitation/{id}/ | membershipInvitationinviteeId | POSTPUT | -- | InviteeVerificationSignedToken | MembershipInvtnSubmission-- |
Related services: POST /account, POST /session
Statistics to track
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- Which users create invitations, when they create them, and from what teams they create them.
- These statistics are captured by the MembershipInvitation (formerly MembershipInvtnSubmission) model, which is stored in the database.
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- How many invitations are accepted and when they are accepted.
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- There is no easy way to track when the invitation to the team is accepted, but we can know how many times the invitee will use the email link to create a new account or sign in to their existing account. This is essentially the number of times that PUT /membershipInvitation/{id}/inviteeId is called.
- How many invitees choose to register a new account and how many choose to sign in.
- We know the total number of membership invitations created from the number of POST /emailMembershipInvitation/{id}/membershipInvitation requests.
- We know the total number of invitees who chose to register a new account from the number of POST /emailMembershipInvitation/{id}/account/emailValidation requests.
- We can derive the total number of invitees who chose to sign in with an existing account from the above two numbers.
- We can know how often invitees attempt to sign in using an email address that is not associated with the inviteeEmail of the MembershipInvitation by looking at how often GET /membershipInvitation/{id}/inviteeVerificationSignedToken calls respond with 403 status.
Implementation outline
Phase 1
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In phase 2 I will implement use cases C2 and D2. These use cases represent the edge case described above.
Progress
Phase 1
Create new models
- MembershipInvtnSignedToken
- EmailValidationSignedToken
- InviteeVerificationSignedToken
- AccountCreationToken
Update existing models
- MembershipInvtnSubmission
- AccountSetupInfo
- NewUser
Update existing services
- POST /membershipInvitation
- POST /account/emailValidation
Create new services
- POST /membershipInvitation/{id}
- POST /membershipInvitation/{id}/verification
- PUT /membershipInvitation/{id}/inviteeId
Update web client
- Make everything work
Sequence of events
Made on https://sequencediagram.org/ with the following markup:
Code Block |
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entryspacing 0.9
Frontend->Backend:Invite the new user (POST membershipInvitation)
Backend->OUT OF BAND: Send email that contains MembershipInvtnSignedToken
OUT OF BAND->Frontend: User clicks Join link in email
Frontend->Backend:Get corresponding membershipInvitation (POST membershipInvitation/id)
Backend-->Frontend:Membership Invitation
note over Frontend,Backend:Already has an account
Frontend->Frontend:User clicks "Already have an Account?"
Backend->OUT OF BAND
OUT OF BAND->Frontend
Frontend->Backend: Login
Backend-->Frontend:Successful Login
Frontend->Backend:GET membershipInvitation/id/inviteeVerificationSignedToken
Backend-->Frontend:Return InviteeVerificationSignedToken
Frontend->Backend: Update invitation with user id: PUT /membershipInvitation/{id}/inviteeId
Backend-->Frontend:
Frontend->Frontend: User sent back to the Team page. Single click Join (since there's an open invitation)
note over Frontend,Backend:New account
Frontend->Frontend:User click "Send Registration Info"
Frontend->Backend:POST/account/emailValidation
Backend->OUT OF BAND: Send validation email
OUT OF BAND->Frontend: User clicks create account link
Frontend->Backend:Standard account creation (sign ToU...)
Backend-->Frontend:Standard account creation
Frontend->Frontend: User sent to associated Team page. Single click Join (since there's an open invitation) |
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