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All content in Synapse has sharing settings, but not all content has Conditions for Use. Generally, data in Synapse can be categorized in two four tiers:
Private data: visible only to you or other users whom you select in sharing settings.
Controlled data: (also called controlled access data, or controlled use data) available to registered users that fulfill specific requirements for data access, such as submitting an Intended Data Use statement, obtaining IRB approval, or other prerequisites.
Open data: (also called open access data, or open use data) available for all registered Synapse users without Conditions for Use.
Public data: available for anyone on the web without Conditions for Use.
Private Data
By default, when you create a new Project in Synapse, the sharing settings are set to private and any data that you add will only be visible to you. Private data also includes data that you share only with individual Synapse users through sharing settings, but it is not widely shared.
Controlled Data
Controlled data is meant to be shared, however it contains sensitive information that could potentially harm individuals or groups if misused. Controlled data requires appropriate Conditions for Use. It Therefore, controlled data has additional protections for how it can be used, and these conditions are defined by the data contributor. Controlled data can only be downloaded and used by authorized Synapse users, and it is not transferable unless explicitly specified otherwise. In other words, you cannot share controlled data freely with other collaborators; each Synapse user wishing to access controlled data must individually agree to the Conditions for Use to access that data. To learn more about Conditions for Use and how to apply them to your data, see Conditions for Use.
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Examples of controlled data include one or more of the following:
Data with minimal risks of re-identifying research participants
Genetic sequence or genotype data from living individuals
Data from “vulnerable” populations as defined using OHRP guidelines
Data generated with restrictions or requirements for use as outlined in informed consents or legal agreements
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Unlike controlled data, open data does not require Conditions for Use. Open data is subject to general terms and conditions, and data users must have a registered Synapse account to download it. Typically, open data isinclude:
Data from model organisms, species, or strains
Non-biological data, like data used for the calibration of instruments
Human data that are:
Publicly available elsewhere
De-identified and non-sensitive, with no known sharing or use restrictions
Self-contributed and unambiguously consented for open data sharing and use
Public Data
Public data is similar to open data, except it is available for anyone on the web to view and download, with or without a registered Synapse account. To make your open data public, contact the Synapse Access and Compliance Team (ACT) at act@synapse.org.
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